Overhead crane is a major lifting and transport equipment in the production logistics process, the efficiency of its use is related to the production rhythm of the enterprise. At the same time, the overhead crane is also a dangerous special equipment, once the accident may cause harm to people and property.
The driver of the bridge crane is the most active and critical factor in the use of overhead cranes, the driver's ability to use the operation of the bridge crane is very important, is directly related to the effectiveness of the enterprise and the safety of the production of large issues. The author summed up their own operation of overhead cranes accumulated practical experience, for the characteristics of overhead cranes, the following operational experience.
Knowledge of the characteristics of the equipment and the object of work
The correct use of the operation of a good bridge crane must be carefully mastered you operate the equipment principle of the equipment, equipment construction, equipment performance, equipment parameters and operational processes and other key elements. These key elements and the use of the operation of this equipment is closely related.
1.Grip the principle of equipment
Careful understanding of the principles is the premise and basis for the use and operation of good equipment. The principle of mastery of a clear and in-depth, to establish a theoretical basis, understanding can be clear and profound, the use of the level of operation can reach a certain height.
2.Mastering the structure of the equipment carefully
Careful mastery of equipment structure, is necessary to understand the main structural components of the master overhead crane. Bridge crane is a special equipment, its structure has its own special characteristics, must be carefully understood and mastered. Carefully master the structure of the equipment is familiar with the equipment, skilled driving equipment key.
3.Carefully master the performance of the equipment
Careful mastery of equipment performance, is to master the technical performance of each institution of the overhead crane, such as the power of the motor and mechanical performance, the brake characteristics of the braking state, safety protection devices, such as safety technology performance. Mastering performance, in order to better take advantage of the situation, scientific control of good equipment, delay the deterioration process, prevent and reduce the occurrence of failure.
4.Carefully master the equipment parameters
Careful mastery of equipment parameters, is necessary to understand the main technical parameters of the bridge crane, including the type of work, work level, rated lifting capacity, institutional speed, span, lifting height, etc.. The technical parameters of each piece of equipment are often different. The technical parameters of the equipment are different, the performance of this difference exists. Careful mastery of the exact parameters of each overhead crane is essential for the precise operation of the equipment.
5.careful mastery of the operating process
Careful mastery of the work process, is to master the bridge crane service production process steps and processes, for the various processes used in the lifting and transport procedures, strive for the best design, reasonable operation. Skillful mastery of the process, in order to achieve mastery of the operating rules, to achieve a bottom of the heart, comfortable operation, in order to achieve increased efficiency, safety and reliability.
Keeping track of changes in equipment status
Bridge cranes are special equipment, the use of operations to ensure that the technical state of the bridge crane and intact state. The bridge crane in the process of use, by the production conditions and environment and other factors, the original design and manufacturing to determine the function and technical state may continue to change and reduce or deteriorate. Therefore, the driver should be careful to grasp the state of the equipment changes, must be good operational control of the overhead crane, careful maintenance checks to prevent and reduce the occurrence of failure.
1.Careful grasp of changes in the state of the equipment
Careful maintenance of the equipment needs to be put in place. In accordance with the requirements of the maintenance system to regularly clean, clean, lubricate, adjust and tighten all parts of the overhead crane. Timely handling of various problems that occur at any time, to improve the operating conditions of the equipment, prevent problems before they occur and avoid undue losses. Practice has proved that the life of the equipment is largely determined by the degree of maintenance.
2.careful grasp of the state of the equipment changes
Careful grasp of the state of the equipment changes, to be able to check the equipment. Understand the need to master the bridge crane often check the parts, master the methods and means of checking the parts.
3.the skills of monitoring equipment through the senses
Monitoring equipment skills through the senses, that is, sight, sound, smell, touch and feel. "Sight" is to use visual observation of the surface of the equipment, with a view to the occurrence of intuitive defects and faults. "Listening" means relying on the sense of hearing to detect the condition of the equipment. The driver is operating in the cab and cannot see the condition of the equipment operating above the bridge. Hearing then becomes an important auxiliary safety tool. Electrical or mechanical equipment in normal operation generally only emits a very light harmonic sound, and with disease operation will have an abnormal noise. Experienced drivers will be able to determine the approximate location of the fault by the different changes in sound. Therefore, it should be one of the internal skills of the driver to identify the disease by sound. "Smell" is to rely on the sense of smell to detect the state of the equipment. Bridge crane electrical coils on fire, the brake gate smoke can emit a pungent odor, can be smelled from a distance. The odor should be found quickly stop to check, so as not to cause a fire or other major equipment accidents. "Touch" is to diagnose the abnormal state of the equipment by feeling it. Drivers sometimes encounter abnormal equipment conditions and are able to diagnose the cause of faults. The word "feel" here refers to sensation or feeling. The driver will feel information from all sides when operating and experience will tell you what is normal and what is not. When a driver is working and feels something different than usual, he or she should immediately trace the root cause of the problem to eliminate it.
Communicate with the ground staff with care
The use of operating overhead cranes to complete the lifting task requires the driver, command, tying personnel and other people to cooperate with the collaborative work, sometimes in its operating range, but also contains other equipment and operators, so as the driver must be attentive and ground operations with the staff to communicate with good cooperation, for the work object, equipment status, work instructions, operating environment must be confirmed correctly before the operation.
The driver must establish a command language with the ground crew before operating. If the command language is not agreed then the operation cannot proceed. The driver must concentrate when operating and operate according to the signals of the commanding officer. Before each operation, the driver should ring the bell to alert the personnel at the work site. At the same time observe the situation around the lifted object. No one is allowed to stay under the item being lifted or under the boom or in the area where the weight is being swung. When the observation line of sight between the driver and the hoisted object may be obstructed during lifting, the driver should carefully examine the site environment within the lifting area and confirm the lifting path of the hoisted object before lifting. During the hoisting process, strengthen the signal contact with the commanding officer, meanwhile the commanding officer should stand within the driver's line of sight for commanding to avoid hoisting safety accidents due to obstructed line of sight. If only the driver and the hooker are working on site, the driver must work closely with the hooker and keep in step. When moving and lifting heavy objects, only the signal given by the hooker should be obeyed, but the "stop" signal, no matter who gives it, should be stopped immediately.
Properly determine the attributes of an emergency and take appropriate emergency response measures
Overhead cranes are dangerous equipment, once out of control may cause property damage and casualties. As the driver of the overhead crane, should correctly determine the properties of the emergency and take appropriate emergency disposal measures, in a dangerous state to turn the danger into success or to reduce the accident damage to a minimum should be necessary to have the skills.
Overhead crane emergency state can also be referred to as the state of the bridge crane near danger, it is characterized by the sudden appearance of equipment (device) appears dangerous, failure, out of control state, once improper disposal will cause the consequences of an accident. Overhead crane emergency state is very many kinds, the probability of occurrence of a larger lifting brake mechanism failure, sudden loss of crane power, large car control mechanism out of control, wire rope breakage, crane fire, lifting mechanism rise limit failure and so on a variety of situations. Only to a variety of possible dangers, we should be fully prepared in the ideological understanding, the establishment of emergency plans.
In addition, the production operation procedures should also be well understood so that they can work better together and have fewer accidents. For example, if the hoisting brake fails when there is a heavy load on the crane hook and the load slips, the driver should continuously ring the bell or sound the horn to signal all personnel on site to avoid it.
Summarize
Mastering the use of operating overhead cranes is the key to overhead crane driver's duties, the author through the operation of overhead cranes accumulated over the years, summed up the exploration of the above experience, to elaborate the analysis, not comprehensive. But I hope to throw a brick to attract jade, can get the majority of peer criticism, can promote the use of overhead cranes driver operating skills to enhance the common.